When Is PGT-A Testing Mandatory for Embryos?
- Sunil Khattri
- Mar 29
- 3 min read
Understanding the Reality Behind Genetic Testing in IVF
With advances in IVF, many couples today are introduced to additional tests that promise better outcomes. One such test is PGT-A (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy), a screening method used to check embryos for chromosomal abnormalities before implantation.
But a common question arises:
Is PGT-A testing mandatory for embryos?
The simple answer is: No, PGT-A is not legally or medically mandatory in most cases.However, there are specific situations where it may be strongly recommended.
What Does PGT-A Actually Do?
PGT-A helps identify whether an embryo has the correct number of chromosomes. Embryos with normal chromosomal makeup (called euploid) are more likely to result in a successful pregnancy, while abnormal ones (aneuploid) may lead to implantation failure or miscarriage.
It is important to remember:
PGT-A is a screening tool, not a guarantee of success. It helps guide decisions, but does not replace medical judgment
Is PGT-A Mandatory in India?
Under current Indian laws, including the ART framework:
There is no legal requirement to perform PGT-A
Clinics cannot force patients to opt for genetic testing
The decision is based on medical advice and patient choice
This means PGT-A is always optional, not compulsory.
When Is PGT-A Strongly Recommended?
While not mandatory, doctors may advise PGT-A in certain situations where the risk of chromosomal abnormalities is higher.
1. Advanced Maternal Age (35+)
As age increases, the likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities in eggs also rises.
PGT-A may help:
identify healthier embryos
reduce risk of miscarriage
2. Recurrent IVF Failure
If multiple IVF cycles have failed, PGT-A may be suggested to check whether embryo quality is the underlying issue.
3. Repeated Miscarriages
In cases of unexplained pregnancy loss, chromosomal abnormalities are often a contributing factor.
PGT-A may help identify viable embryos.
4. Known Genetic or Chromosomal Issues
If one or both partners have:
chromosomal rearrangements
genetic conditions
PGT-A (along with other tests like PGT-M) may be recommended.
5. Severe Male Factor Infertility
In some cases, sperm-related issues may increase the chances of abnormal embryos.
In all these situations, PGT-A is recommended, not mandatory.
Why This Topic Is Being Discussed More Recently
PGT-A and related genetic testing methods have increasingly come under scrutiny, both globally and in India.
1. Indian Experts Urge Caution on Embryo Genetic Testing (2026)
In early 2026, leading Indian fertility bodies warned against the routine use of newer genetic testing methods like non-invasive PGT (niPGT) due to concerns about accuracy.
Experts highlighted that such tests could lead to misdiagnosis and incorrect embryo selection, including the risk of discarding viable embryos.
This has made patients and doctors more cautious about when and why genetic testing is used.
2. Global Concerns About PGT-A Accuracy
Internationally, there have been cases where patients claimed that embryos labeled “abnormal” through PGT-A later resulted in healthy births.
These developments have raised important questions:
Can PGT-A sometimes misclassify embryos?
Should it be used in every IVF cycle?
What Should You Consider Before Opting for PGT-A?
Before deciding, it’s important to understand:
Your medical history
Your age and fertility profile
Previous IVF outcomes
Cost vs expected benefit
Emotional and ethical considerations
Most importantly:
Have a clear discussion with your doctor about whether the test is truly necessary in your case.
A Balanced Perspective
PGT-A can be a useful tool in certain scenarios, especially where risks are higher. At the same time, recent discussions in India and globally remind us that:
it is not always required
it is not 100% accurate
it should not replace clinical judgment
Final Thoughts
PGT-A testing is often presented as a way to improve IVF success — but it is not a mandatory step in the process.
Its role is best understood as: A supportive tool, not a requirement
As awareness grows and new technologies emerge, the focus is shifting toward informed decision-making, where patients understand both the benefits and limitations before choosing additional procedures.
The Author :
Dr. Sunil Khattri
+91 9811618704
Dr Sunil Khattri MBBS, MS(General Surgery), LLB, is a Medical doctor and is a practicing Advocate in the Supreme Court of India and National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, New Delhi.
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